PSG has now claimed the season-opening trophy on fourteen different times.
Paris Saint-Germain required a dramatic leveler followed by a perfect spot-kick decider to get past Marseille in the Gulf and capture a fourth straight Trophee des Champions title.
The European champions appeared to be sailing towards a straightforward triumph in the match between the Ligue 1 champions and the French Cup holders after Ousmane Dembele opened the net in the opening stages.
Yet, Marseille struck two times late to take a shock advantage. First, Mason Greenwood converted from the penalty spot, before Willian Pacho inadvertently directed the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a breathtaking turn of fortune, Goncalo Ramos grabbed a crucial leveler in the dying moments to force the contest into a penalty shootout. PSG goalkeeper Lucas Chevalier then emerged as the key figure, stopping crucial attempts from Matt O'Riley and Traore.
From the spot, Ramos, Vitinha, the full-back, and Desire Doue all converted successfully for Paris Saint-Germain to complete a convincing penalty win.
The record winners PSG, who met last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Olympique de Marseille after completing a domestic double, have now lifted this competition for the twelfth time in the past thirteen years.